Ways and Means', also known as 'On Revenues', is believed to be the last work written by Xenophon. Written in the wake of Athens' defeat in the Social War and the collapse of the Second Athenian League, the essay offers a series of practical suggestions to alleviate the city's dire economic situation. Addressed to the Council of Five Hundred, Xenophon argues that Athens can support itself without relying on the profits of war and empire. His proposals include encouraging agriculture and trade, reducing government corruption and waste, and increasing civic responsibility.