John Thomas Bigge's 'Report on State of the Colony of New South Wales' is a meticulous and comprehensive examination of the social, economic, and political conditions in the early establishment of the penal colony. Through detailed reports on various aspects of colonial life, Bigge provides an insightful analysis of the challenges and successes of the colony. Written in a clear and objective style, this book serves as an invaluable resource for scholars and historians studying the history of Australia and British colonialism in the 19th century. Bigge's work stands out for its detailed observations and recommendations for improvement in the governance and administration of the colony, shedding light on the complex dynamics between convicts, settlers, and officials. It is a significant contribution to the understanding of colonial history and the impact of British colonization on indigenous populations. Readers interested in colonial studies and Australian history will find this book both informative and thought-provoking.